用法
(1)作定語(yǔ)
單個(gè)的分詞作定語(yǔ)，一般置于所修飾的詞前;分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)置于所修飾的詞后，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句。如：
Many excited people wanted to travel on the underground.
許多興奮的人們想乘地鐵旅行。
The countries you referred to just now belong to developing countries.
你剛才提到的那些國(guó)家屬于發(fā)展中國(guó)家。
People developed a kind of paper made from the fibers of plants.
=People developed a kind of paper which/that was made from the fibers of plants.
人們研制出一種用植物纖維制成的紙。
The houses being built are for the teachers.
=The houses which/that are being built are for the teachers.
正在(被)建的那些房子是給老師們的。
The little boy standing over there is a classmate of mine.
站在那邊的小男孩是我班的同學(xué)。
* 不定式、過(guò)去分詞和現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)的區(qū)別
不定式作定語(yǔ)一般表示將來(lái)的動(dòng)作;現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)常表示正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作;過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)表示過(guò)去的動(dòng)作。如：
The problem to be discussed tomorrow is very important.
The problem discussed yesterday is very important.
The problem being discussed now is very important.
(2)作狀語(yǔ)
a)分詞作狀語(yǔ)的基本原則
分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，分詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)必須與句子的主語(yǔ)保持一致。分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，必須與句中的主語(yǔ)含有邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系或動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。
b)分詞作狀語(yǔ)形式的選擇